Some men experience physical, emotional and psychological changes as they get older, particularly during their late 40s and 50s. These changes can include:

• Low mood or depression
• Reduced sex drive
• Erectile dysfunction
• Irritability or mood changes
• Reduced muscle mass and strength
• Increased body fat, particularly around the abdomen
• Low energy levels and fatigue
• Sleep difficulties
• Problems with concentration or memory

These symptoms can affect everyday life, work and wellbeing. If they are causing concern, it is important to seek advice and identify any underlying causes.

The term "male menopause" is sometimes used to describe symptoms experienced by some men in midlife. However, healthcare professionals generally avoid this term because it suggests a sudden hormonal change similar to the female menopause, which is not the case.

Testosterone levels naturally decline gradually with age, typically by around 1% per year from the age of 30 to 40. For most men, this gradual decline does not cause significant health problems.

Symptoms often attributed to the "male menopause" can have a range of causes, including:

• Poor sleep
• Lack of physical activity
• Unhealthy diet
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Smoking

• Stress
• Anxiety
• Depression
• Relationship difficulties
• Financial pressures
• Caring responsibilities
• Concerns about ageing or major life changes

In some cases, symptoms may be linked to a medical condition known as late-onset hypogonadism, where the body produces lower-than-normal levels of testosterone.

This condition is relatively uncommon and is not considered a normal part of ageing. It is more likely to occur in men who have obesity, type 2 diabetes, or certain other health conditions.

A diagnosis is usually made through a combination of symptom assessment and blood tests.

If tests confirm a clinically low testosterone level and symptoms are significant, a specialist may recommend testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). This treatment may be provided as a gel or injection and should only be used following appropriate medical assessment.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms and they are affecting your wellbeing, speak to your GP. They can help identify any underlying physical or mental health causes and discuss appropriate support and treatment options.

Support may include:

• Lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, improved sleep and a healthy diet
• Stress management techniques
• Counselling or talking therapies, such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
• Treatment for underlying health conditions
• Referral to a specialist if hormone-related issues are suspected

You may also find these resources helpful:

• treating anxiety
• help for low mood and depression
• exercise for depression
• breathing exercises for stress

For trusted health information and support, visit the NHS website or speak to your GP.